PHARMAGNYAN

 Skeletal system includes the entire framework of bones and their cartilages along with tendons and ligaments.  A bone is composed of several different tissues such as osseous tissue, dense connective tissue, cartilage,  epithelium, nervous tissue and adipose tissue.  Osteology is the study of bone structures and their disorders.   Structure of bone :  A common bone consists of following parts       Gerard J Tortora  Derrickson B. Principles of anatomy & physiology. India: Wiley; 2014.   Diaphysis : (Dia- growing between) It is the  long, cylindrical portion of bone, commonly known as shaft or body of the bone. Epiphyses : 2 ends of the bone, the proximal end and distal end. Metaphyses are the parts that lies between the diaphysis and epiphysis. The Metaphysis (singular) contains an epiphyseal growth plate of a  hyaline cartilage. This allows the diaphysis to grow in length. At the age of 18-21 , this cartilage is re...

Anatomy is the study of body structures and Physiology is the study of body functions. In this subject we can learn about the body structures and how these structures are involved in performing various functions I,e Physiology.  We can easily learn this subject by studying the basic concepts like levels of organisations. Levels of organisations:  1. Chemical level of organisation:  Our body contains many chemicals such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and sulphur. These chemicals are essential for maintaining body life.  Examples include DNA molecule, glucose and ATP. DNA is made of nucleic acids which includes atoms like 5- carbon sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base. 2. Cellular level of organisation: Group of molecules  combine to form cells. We already know that cells are the basic structural and functional units of our body. The types of cells in our body are epithelial cells, nerve cells and muscular cells. 3. Tissue level of organi...